The Genetics of Complex Diseases

          A genetic disease is any disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual's genome. These are the  diseases that are caused by mutations in one or more genes. The vast majority of diseases fall into this category, including several congenital defects and a number of adult-onset diseases. The abnormality can range from minuscule to major -- from a discrete mutation in a single base in the DNA of a single gene to a gross chromosome abnormality involving the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes. Some genetic disorders are inherited from the parents, while other genetic diseases are caused by acquired changes or mutations in a pre-existing gene or group of genes. Mutations can occur either randomly or due to some environmental exposure. The research  concentrate on the molecular, cellular, and organismic adaptations and responses to nutrients, toxins, and radiation stress and explore the genetic basis controlling the heterogeneity of these interactions in experimental systems. Some of the diseases are Alzheimer's disease, scleroderma, asthma, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, connective tissue diseases, kidney diseases, autoimmune diseases. The genes associated with these diseases, genetic factors represent only part of the risk associated with complex disease phenotypes. A genetic predisposition means that an individual has a genetic susceptibility to developing a certain disease, but this does not mean that a person harbouring a genetic tendency is destined to develop the disease. The actual development of the disease phenotype depends in large part on a person's environment and lifestyle. While we cannot change our genes, we can alter our lifestyle and environment to prevent or delay the onset of such a disorder. Indeed, the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in complex disease continues to challenge researchers.

  • Psychiatric and behavioural genetics
  • Cloning disease gene & chromosome abnormalities
  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Chromosomes& Genes and DNA variations
  • Reasons for genetic variation
  • Mitochondrial disorders
  • Genetics & Stem Cell Biology

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